Description
Equine rhinovirus type 1 was renamed Equine Rhinitis A Virus (ERAV) beingclassified within the genus Aphthovirus.
Seroprevalencesclose to 100% have been described in adult horses for both viruses worldwide.The serotypes ERBV-1 and ERBV-2 have been isolated worldwide, while theserotype ERBV-3 only in Australia, Japan and the United Kingdom. The primaryinfection in the case of ERAV usually occurs between 3 and 9 months of age, while in ERBV it occurs between 4 and 6 months. The transmission of ERAV occursby inhalation of aerosols from respiratory secretions and urine. It is thoughtthat the infection by ERBV is produced by direct or indirect contact with nasalsecretions or aerosols.
The signs produced by ERAV are variable, producing fever (1 to 3 days), anorexia, serous to mucopurulent nasal discharge, pharyngitis, bronchitis, cough and lymphadenopathy. Other signs associated with systemic infection are poor performance, temporary immunosuppression and elevated levels of plasma fibrinogen.
ERBV infection can cause fever, serous nasal discharge, anorexia, lower limbs oedema and inflammation and pain of lymph nodes of the head and neck.
